Page 1 -
http://bpp.wharton.upenn.edu/jwolfers/Papers/NBABetting.pdf
"In subsequent research, Parsons
et al. (2007) provide similar evidence of own-race bias among baseball umpires, finding
that the propensity for an umpire to call strikes rather than balls is higher if he is of the
same race as the pitcher."
I had a kid (19 years old) fresh out of Pro School come through our association in 2007 and he was eventually called to go work Short A ball in Arizona. He made it through and is now a minor league umpire - last time I heard - in the Pacific Coast League.
I talk about him frequently in our clinics when we talk about judgment because he had a Swastika tattoo on his body. Above his heart. Here's a guy who we would have loved to have had in our "private organization" because of his pedigree but because of his racist beliefs he didn't fit in with the goals of our organization.
As Umpires, Our goal is to go out there and call games without bias and I could never understand how they would let a racist piece of shit like that go on to work professional games.
That being said - I am partial to the Tranny threads and I received an email when the word Tranny was used in this thread so I guess I let my own bias lead me in my trek through MadJackLand.